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<td valign="top" align="left">当å‰ä½ç½®:<a href=/index_zh-cn.html >网站首页</a>><a href=/122/index.html target=_main>å…¬å¸æ–°é—»</a>><a href=/122/zxxx/index.html target=_main>最新消æ?/a> </td>
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<td height="26"><strong>公共产å“涨价ä¸ä¼‘ 定价机制ä¸åˆç†æƒ¹æ¥ç™¾å§“怨言</strong> </td>
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<td>定价机制 </td>
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<td valign="top" align="right">作�</td>
<td valign="top" align="left">定价</td>
<td valign="top" align="right">æ¥æº:</td>
<td valign="top" align="left">定价机制</td>
<td valign="top" align="right">日期:</td>
<td valign="top" align="left">2007-3-26</td>
<td valign="top" align="right">点击�</td>
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<td valign="top" align="left"><strong>公共产å“为何涨价ä¸ä¼‘</strong>
<p>　　★文/刘新�/p>
<p>　　由于定价机制ä¸åˆç†ï¼Œæˆ‘国水ã€ç”µã€æ°”ç‰å…¬å…±äº§å“çš„ä»·æ ¼ä¸æ–上涨，甚至出çŽ?ldquo;政府定价，ä¼ä¸šèµšé’±ï¼Œç™¾å§“埋啔的怪现象，引起è€ç™¾å§“ä¸å°‘怨言，对æ¤åº”当给予高度é‡è§†ã€?/p>
<p>　　<strong>公共产å“定价机制å˜åœ¨çš„主è¦é—®é¢?/strong></p>
<p>　　真实æˆæœ¬éš¾è¾¨è¯†ã€‚和市场竞争形æˆçš„ä»·æ ¼ä¸åŒï¼Œå…¬å…±äº§å“ä»·æ ¼çš„åˆ¶å®šæˆ–è°ƒæ•´ä¸€èˆ¬éƒ½æ˜¯æ²¿ç”¨ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„æˆæœ¬åŠ æˆå®šä»·æ³•ã€‚ä½†ç”±äºŽä»·æ ¼ä¸»ç®¡éƒ¨é—¨ä¸å‚与市场准入ã€éœ€æ±‚管ç†åŠè¿è¡Œæˆæœ¬çš„监控，很难辨别ä¼ä¸šä¸ŠæŠ¥æˆæœ¬çš„åˆç†æ€§å’ŒçœŸå®žæ€§ã€?
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在缺ä¹ç«žäº‰å’Œæˆæœ¬çº¦æŸçš„情况下，æ供公共产å“çš„ä¼ä¸šæ ¹æœ¬æ²¡æœ‰åŠ¨åŠ›é™ä½Žè‡ªå·±çš„生产æˆæœ¬ï¼Œç›¸å会主动æ高生产æˆæœ¬ï¼Œå› 为高é¢çš„生产æˆæœ¬å¯ä»¥å¢žåŠ è¯è¯æƒå’Œæ¶¨ä»·å¹…度，其结果是公共产å“ä»·æ ¼éšç€æˆæœ¬çš„å¢žåŠ è€Œæ高，最终形æˆ?ldquo;æ高æˆæœ¬—ä¼ä¸šäºæŸ—æé«˜ä»·æ ¼—æ高æˆæœ¬”çš„æ¶æ€§å¾ªçŽ¯ã€?/p>
<p>　　市场化æˆæ¶¨ä»·å€Ÿå£ã€‚è¿‘å¹´æ¥ï¼Œæˆ‘国公共产å“ä»·æ ¼æ”¹é©å‡ºçŽ°ç‰‡é¢å¼ºè°ƒå¸‚场化倾å‘，并以æ¤ä¸ºå€Ÿå£æŽ¨å¸æ”¿åºœæ供公共产å“的责任。这在教育ã€åŒ»ç–—å«ç”Ÿæ–¹é¢è¡¨çŽ°å¾—相当çªå‡ºã€‚å¦‚ï¼Œè¿‘å‡ å¹´æˆ‘å›½å…¬å…±æ•™è‚²æŠ•å…¥å GDP的比例åªæœ?ï¼…å·¦å³ï¼Œè€Œå‘达国家为6ï¼…~7％，å‘展ä¸å›½å®¶ä¹Ÿè¾?.1％。在医疗å«ç”Ÿé¢†åŸŸï¼Œæœ‰ç»Ÿè®¡è¡¨æ˜Žï¼Œæˆ‘国政府医疗ä¿éšœæ”¯å‡ºåœ¨ä¸–ç•Œå«ç”Ÿç»„织190多个æˆå‘˜ä¸å€’数第四ã€?/p>
<p>　　“å¬è¯ä¼?rdquo;å˜æˆ“涨价ä¼?rdquo;。在公共产å“领域，消费者的力é‡åˆ†æ•£ï¼Œä»–们天然地处于劣势地ä½ã€‚ç›®å‰è™½ç„¶è§„定了公共产å“调价è¦å¬å¼€å¬è¯ä¼šï¼Œä½†è°ƒä»·å¬è¯ä¼šåˆ¶åº¦ä¸å®Œå–„，å˜åœ¨ä¸€äº›é—®é¢˜ã€‚一是å¬è¯ä¼šä»£è¡¨ç¼ºä¹ä»£è¡¨æ€§ã€‚ç›®å‰ï¼Œå¬è¯ä»£è¡¨çš„é´é€‰ç¨‹åºã€æ ‡å‡†ã€æ•°é‡å’Œæ¯”例尚未明确，有的代表在开会之å‰ä»…åšäº†å°èŒƒå›´æˆ–比较肤浅的调查，有的甚至没有进行调查，代表性ä¸å¼ºã€‚å¦å¤–，部分å¬è¯ä¼šä¸»åŠžæ–¹åœ¨ä¼šå‰å°±å’Œä»£è¡¨è¾¾æˆäº†é»˜å¥‘，一些与政府部门æŒä¸åŒæ„è§çš„群众或团体没有充分å‘言æƒï¼Œç”šè‡³æ— 缘与会。如2004年郑州市物价局å¬å¼€åŸŽå¸‚ä¾›æ°´ä»·æ ¼å¬è¯ä¼šï¼Œå—å½±å“最大的é¤é¥®ä¸šç«Ÿæ²¡æœ‰ä»£è¡¨ã€‚äºŒæ˜¯ä»·æ ¼å¬è¯ç¼ºä¹é€æ˜Žåº¦ã€‚现实生活ä¸ç›¸å½“å¤šçš„ä»·æ ¼å¬è¯ä¼šå˜åœ¨ç€“秘密ä¿æŠ¤”ã€?ldquo;ä¿¡æ¯éš”离”的现象，å˜åœ¨ç€“æš—ç®±æ“作”ã€?ldquo;民主åšç§€”的嫌疑。如2002å¹?月的全国é“è·¯ä»·æ ¼å¬è¯ä¼šï¼Œå‚åŠ å¬è¯çš„消费者代表被“秘密ä¿æŠ¤”，使得å¬è¯ä»£è¡¨åœ¨å¬è¯ä¼šå‰ä¸èƒ½ä¸Žå¹¿å¤§æ¶ˆè´¹è€…进行交æµã€‚三是å¬è¯ææ–™é€è¾¾æ—¶é—´è¿‡è¿Ÿã€‚法律规定：å¬è¯ä¼šå‰10天é€è¾¾å¬è¯æ料。但由于æ料多ã€ä¸“业性强ç‰å› ç´ ï¼Œæœ‰äº›é—®é¢˜ç”šè‡³è¿˜è¦åŽ»å®žé™…调查æ‰èƒ½äº†è§£æ¸…楚，æå‰10天é€è¾¾æ料，时间太çŸã€‚在这ç§æƒ…况下，一些å¬è¯ä¼šè´¨é‡å¾—ä¸åˆ°ä¿éšœï¼Œ“å¬è¯ä¼?rdquo;å˜æˆ“涨价ä¼?rdquo;ã€?/p>
<p>　　政ä¼åˆä¸€éš¾ç›‘管。目å‰ï¼Œæˆ‘国对公共产å“ä»·æ ¼çš„ç›‘ç®¡ä¸»è¦æ˜¯å‚ç…§ã€Šä»·æ ¼æ³•ã€‹ï¼Œå°šæ²¡æœ‰ä¸“é—¨çš„æ³•å¾‹æ³•è§„ï¼Œè€Œã€Šä»·æ ¼æ³•ã€‹å¯¹å…¬å…±äº§å“ä»·æ ¼çš„ç›‘ç®¡åŽŸåˆ™ã€ç›‘管机制和定价方法ç‰è§„定ä¸æ˜Žç¡®ï¼Œé’ˆå¯¹æ€§å’Œæ“作性ä¸å¼ºã€‚æ¤å¤–，大多数公用事业ä»å…·æœ‰æ˜Žæ˜¾çš„政ä¼åˆä¸€ç‰¹å¾ã€‚如城市煤气ã€è‡ªæ¥æ°´ä»¥åŠç”µåŠ›ã€é‚®æ”¿å’Œç”µä¿¡ç‰è¡Œä¸šéƒ½æ˜¯ç”±ç›¸å…³è¡Œä¸šä¸»ç®¡éƒ¨é—¨ç®¡ç†ï¼Œä¸»ç®¡éƒ¨é—¨æ—¢æ˜¯ç®¡ç†æ”¿ç–的制定者与监ç£è€…，åˆæ˜¯å…·ä½“业务的垄æ–ç»è¥è€…。这ç§æ”¿ä¼ä¸åˆ†çš„åšæ³•ä½¿å…¬ç”¨äº‹ä¸šç”±è‡ªç„¶åž„æ–å˜æˆè¡Œæ”¿åž„æ–，导致ä¼ä¸šæ²¡æœ‰ç«žäº‰åŽ‹åŠ›ã€æ•ˆçŽ‡ä½Žä¸‹ã€ç»è¥æˆæœ¬é«˜ã€æœåŠ¡æ„识差ã€?/p>
<p>è´¢åŠ›æ— æ³•æ”¯æ’‘è¡¥å¿ã€‚公共产å“是居民的生活必需å“，其公益性决定了它ä¸èƒ½ä»¥è¿½æ±‚利润最大化为生产目的，ä¼ä¸šå› æ¤è€ŒæŸå¤±çš„åˆ©ç›Šåº”é€šè¿‡ä»·æ ¼è¡¥å¿å’Œè´¢æ”¿è¡¥è´´ä¸¤ä¸ªæ¸ é“得以弥补。但由于å„地财力有é™ï¼Œå¾€å¾€æ— 法直接投入或进行补贴，而更多寄希望于通过调价æ¥è§£å†³è¡¥å¿ä¸è¶³é—®é¢˜ã€‚å¦å¤–，公共产å“涨价对弱势群体的补å¿æœºåˆ¶ä¹Ÿæ²¡æœ‰å»ºç«‹èµ·æ¥ï¼Œå¼•å‘广大群众特别是低收入人群对公共产å“涨价的强烈ä¸æ»¡ã€?/p><br />
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<td width="50%" background="/eweb/templatenm/A008/bg.gif"><img height="1" alt="" src="/eweb/templatenm/A008/px1.gif" width="1" border="0" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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